- Operators
- Word Operators
- Percentages
- Functions
- Variables
- Tokens
- Units
- Programming
- Comments
- Specifications

Description | Symbols | Example
--- | --- | ---
Add, Subtract | +, - | 1 + 5 - 2
Multiply | * × | 3 × 4
Note: The '×' symbol is not the letter 'x'. '×' is inserted automatically when you type '*'.
Divide | / ÷ | 10/5
Exponent | ^ | 3^3
Percentage | % | $30 + 20%
Brackets | ( ) | (10 + 20)(30 + 40)
Scientific E (*10^) | e | 3e3
Factorial | ! | 10!
Variable Definition | = | a = 10
Square Root | √ | √9
Modulus | mod | 5 mod 2
mod gives you the remainder from a division. In the above example, the answer would be 1. (5 ÷ 2 = 2 with remainder 1) .

Operation | Example | Result
--- | --- | ---
Percentages on, of, off numbers
Adding a percentage to a number | $100 + 10% 10% on $100 | $110
Percentage of a number | 10% of 200 10% × $200 | $20
Subtracting a percentage from a number | $100 - 10% 10% off $100 | $90
Numbers as percentages on, of, and off each other
One number as a percentage on another | 250 as a % on 200 250 as a % increase of 200 | 25%
One number as a percentage of another | 30 as a % of 200 30/200% | 15%
One number as a percentage off another | 30 as a % off 200 30 as a % decrease of 200 | 85%
Calculating the original number given a final number and percentage change
Mark up | 10% on what is $200 | $181.82
Finding 100%, given a number and its percentage of the whole number | 10% of what is $200 | $2,000.00
Mark down | 10% off what is $200 | $222.22
Calculations with pure percentages
Adding & subtracting percentages | 100% + 45% 90% - 30% | 145% 60%

Other Examples:

tax = 10% | 10%
$300 + tax | $330

Description | Symbol
--- | ---
Heading Use the at sign at the beginning of the line only. Everything to the right will be formatted as a heading and the line will not evaluate. | ## @
Label Everything to the left of the colon will be formatted as a label and will not be evaluated. | ## :
Comment line Everything to the right of the double slashes will be formatted as a comment and will not be evaluated. | ## //
Inactive line Use the semicolon on the end of a line only. The entire line will be formatted as a comment and will not be evaluated. | ## ;
Inline comment Text between the quotation marks will be formatted as a comment and will not be evaluated. | ## " "

Examples:

@Heading |
Label 999: 7 + 7 | 14
//This is a comment line |
10 "This inline comment has 37 characters" × 5 | 50

Operation | Word | Example
--- | --- | ---
Addition | and | $15 for lunch and $25 for dinner
Subtraction | less | $20 less $3
Multiplication | of | half = 0.5 half of 30
at | 10 copies at $20 each
by | The room is 5 by 5
Division | over | 5 over 10
per | $80 per week
Reverse Subtraction | from | 10 from 50
Reverse Division | into | 7 into 35

Symbol | Value
--- | ---
pi | 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937511

Define a new variable using equals:

a = 10 | 10
a + 5 | 15

Warning: A variable should only be defined once.
Don't try to change its value on another line.

Convert using "to", "as" and "in".

Category | Name | Other Symbols | SI Prefixes
--- | --- | --- | ---
Time | second | s sec | ✓
minute | min m | ✗
hour | h | ✗
decade |  | ✗
day |  | ✗
week | wk | ✗
month |  | ✗
millennium |  | ✗
year | yr | ✗
century |  | ✗
Mass | ounce | oz | ✗
stone |  | ✗
metric ton | t | ✗
gram | g | ✓
pound | lb lbs | ✗
Volume | teaspoon | tsp | ✗
pint |  | ✗
cubic inch | cu inch | ✗
quart |  | ✗
cubic mile | cu mi | ✗
dessertspoon |  | ✗
litre | L liter | ✓
cubic meter | cu m cubic metre | ✗
tablespoon | tbsp | ✗
cubic foot | cu ft | ✗
gallon |  | ✗
dash |  | ✗
cup |  | ✗
fluid ounce | fl oz | ✗
Length | chain | ch | ✗
foot | ft | ✗
inch |  | ✗
fathom |  | ✗
mil |  | ✗
mile | mi | ✗
yard | yd | ✗
micron |  | ✗
meter | m metre | ✓
parsec | pc | ✗
bohr |  | ✗
point | pt | ✗
nautical mile | NM nmi | ✗
astronomical unit | AU | ✗
light year | ly | ✗
league | lea | ✗
Area | square meter | sq m square metre meter squared metre squared | ✗
hectare | ha | ✗
square mile | sq mi mile squared | ✗
square mil | sq mil mil squared | ✗
square kilometer | sq km square kilometre kilometer squared kilometre squared | ✗
square centimeter | sq cm square centimetre centimeter squared centimetre squared | ✗
acre | ac | ✗
square foot | sq ft foot squared | ✗
square inch | inch squared sq inch | ✗
Speed | mile per hour | mph | ✗
knot | kn | ✗
Frequency | hertz | Hz | ✓
Pressure | bar | bar | ✗
pascal | Pa | ✓
atmosphere | atm | ✗
pound per square inch | psi | ✗
Force | newton | N | ✗
Energy | calorie | cal | ✗
joule | J | ✓
watt hour | Wh | ✓
Power | watt | W | ✓
horsepower | hp | ✗
Electricity | Volt | V | ✗
Amp | A | ✗
Ohm | Ω | ✗
Temperature | celsius | C, ºC | ✗
fahrenheit | F, ºF | ✗
kelvin | K | ✗
Computer Storage | kibibyte | KiB | ✗
pebibyte | PiB | ✗
exbibyte | EiB | ✗
mebibyte | MiB | ✗
zebibyte | ZiB | ✗
byte | B | ✓
gibibyte | GiB | ✗
tebibyte | TiB | ✗
bit |  | ✓
yobibyte | YiB | ✗

Type | Name | Function
--- | --- | ---
Trigonometry | Sine Arcsine Hyperbolic sine Inverse hyperbolic sine | sin(x) asin(x) sinh(x) asinh(x)
Cosine Arccosine Hyperbolic cosine Inverse hyberbolic cosine | cos(x) acos(x) cosh(x) acosh(x)
Tangent Arctangent Hyperbolic tangent Inverse hyperbolic tangent | tan(x) atan(x) tanh(x) atanh(x)
Cotangent | cot(x)
Secant | sec(x)
Cosecant | cosec(x), csc(x)
Roots | Square root | sqrt(x)
Cubed root | cbrt(x)
Logarithms | Natural log | ln x, ln(x)
Log base 10 | log x, log (x)
Log base 2 | log2 (x)
Other | Exponent | exp(x)
Absolute value | abs(x)
Ceiling | ceil(x)
Flooring | floor(x)
Truncation | trunc(x)
Integer rounding | round(x)
Numerical value | num(x)

Example of Function Use:

sin(30) + cos(40) | 1.26604

What are answer tokens?

Answer tokens are references to answers.
When an answer changes, any lines that reference them will re-evaluate.

To make an answer token:

- Make a new line, then type an operator (like "+") to insert an answer token to the previous line.
- Drag in an answer from the answer column
- Use a menu command (Command-1 will insert an answer token to first line for example).
- Type the line you want to reference in plain text ("line1" will reference the first line). It will automatically turn into a token when you leave that line.

To edit an answer token:

- Double click on an answer token to edit it. You can also select it and hit return.
- By default, answer tokens reference a particular line, and will track that line if it moves.
- Tokens can also reference by offset. An offset of "-1" means reference the line above, an offset of "2" means reference the line 2 lines below.

Statistics | Total, Average, Variance, Standard Deviation | Displayed directly below the answer column.
Answer Palette | Decimal, Degrees, Fraction, Hex, Binary, Currencies | Each conversion will only display if relevant. For example 3/6 will display 1/2 for fraction. Currency palette will appear if you use a currency symbol (eg $) in your expression
Maximum Accuracy | 50 decimal places | Use the Formatting Bar to modify dp.
Supported Bases | Decimal, Binary, Hex | Use the Formatting Bar to set the base of your expression. You can always see your result in different bases using the Answer Palette.
Trigonometry Modes | Degrees, Radians | Use the Formatting Bar to modify trig mode.

Description | Symbols | Example
--- | --- | ---
Logical shift left, right | <<, >> | 45 >> 2 62 << 2
Bitwise AND | & | 0xd & 0b1010
Bitwise OR | | | 0b1100 | 0b1110
Bitwise XOR | XOR | 0b0101 xor 0b1011
Bitwise NOT | ~ | ~0b10011010

Examples of Hex & Binary Expressions

0xFF + 0b1001 | 264